Participant Observation
Participant Observation
Chapter: Research
Research Methodology
Research Methodology is the philosophical framework, the epistemology that informs a research project. an academic topic of study that explores the philosophy of research methods. Methodologists engage in scholarly conversations regarding the epistemological assumptions that inform qualitative, quantitative, mixed, and textual research methods. Methodologists are critical about how data is collected, measured, interpreted and used ...
Informal Research Methods
Informal Research is a research method that gathers data/information/evidence anecdotally or based on convenience rather than in accordance with the systematic methods prescribed by methodological communities. is directed by an investigator’s hunches and curiosity rather than a methodological community’s expectations and conventions. is unplanned, unstructured, and intuitive. is sometimes conducted as a trial run, a ...
IRB (Institutional Review Board), Ethics Committee
IRB (Institutional Review Board) in the U.S. and Ethics Committees in the European Union are responsible for reviewing and approving/rejecting Research Protocols submitted by investigators. Following the publication of the Belmont Report in 1978, universities, hospitals, and organizations that receive funding from the U.S. government are required to have their Research Protocols approved by an ...
Applied Research, Basic Research
Research efforts are sometimes categorized by the aim or motivation of the investigator. In the U.S., funding agencies such as NIH and NSF distinguish between applied research and basic (aka fundamental or pure) research in their RFPs, Request for Proposals: Applied Research The research is conducted to solve a particular problem for specific situation. Basic ...
Mixed Research Methods
Mixed Research is a type of empirical research method that relies on both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection and analysis. Mixed Research may engage in quantitizing–the process of converting qualitative data into quantitative data engage in qualitizing–the process of converting quantitative data into qualitative data. Key Words: Mixed Methods Research; Multimethod Research Mixed ...
Research Ethics
Research ethics are the moral principles and practices that guide how researchers work with information (especially data/texts), human subjects, and animals. Since 1947, following the publication of the Nuremberg Code, governments (e.g., see Canada) and professional organizations (e.g., see American Psychological Association) have created ethical codes of conduct to protect research subjects and society. Since 1964, ...
Textual Research Methods
Synonymous Terms Textual research methods is also known as scholarship. Other synonyms include Related Concepts: Dialectic; Hermeneutics; Semiotics; Text & Intertextuality What are textual research methods? Textual research methods refers to the methods scholars use to interpret texts, to assess knowledge claims, and to develop new knowledge. Any time you are interpreting, learning from, describing, ...
Empirical Research Methods
Alternative Article Title: Primary Research, Scientific Research, or Field Research. — Empirical research is a research method that investigators use to test knowledge claims and develop new knowledge. Empirical methods focus on observation and experimentation. Investigators observe and conduct experiments in systematic ways is largely determined by their rhetorical contexts. Different workplace contexts and academic ...
Quantitative Research Methods
Quantitative Research is a form of empirical research method that gathers and interprets numerical data (i.e., numbers and statistics) as opposed to qualitative data (i.e., words) in order to develop knowledge or test knowledge claims. presupposes that some aspect of the world is abstracted and measured as numerical data. Research studies that employ Quantitative Research ...
